Mortgage Loans - secret methods that drive up the cost of your home purchase or refinance.

There are an enormous amount of fees associated with doing a loan. Most of them are fees that the loan officer and mortgage company cannot control, and are a part of every loan. In the case of the rest of the loan fees, the loan officer is in complete control of how much they will make off of a loan. Unfortunately, the typical consumer is unaware of these costs because they are hidden (legally so) in the loan paperwork and closing documents. However, laws are in the process of being drafted to correct this outright thievery.

In order to understand how a mortgage company makes money on a loan, you first need to understand which of these costs are profitable for the mortgage company. You can read our article on the real costs of doing a loan.

Fees Which Profit the Mortgage Company

The following fees determine the profit on the loan. They are completely under the control of the loan officer or mortgage broker. There is no standard for these fees; the unscrupulous loan officer will try and make as much as possible from you with these fees. After being in the loan business, I watched loan officers gouging their clients every day. It is a rampant, common occurrence. Most loan officers are not paid a salary, they are paid through commissions from every loan they originate that closes. This puts the pressure on them to make as much money as possible, wherever possible. Loan officers typically split the profits (usually 50/50) for each loan with the company for which they work. Therefore, every dollar they can squeeze out of you is 50 cents into their pocket. To originate a loan, the loan officer merely gets a client to fill out a loan application.

• Origination or Application Fees: These are fees for processing the mortgage application and may be a flat fee or a percentage of the mortgage. They usually are equal to one point. In fact, they are just a point called by a fancy name so the loan officer can charge more for the loan.
  
• Points: A point is equal to 1% of the amount borrowed. For example, one point on a loan amount of $50,000.00 is $500.00 dollars. Points can be payable when the loan is approved (before closing) or at closing. For FHA and VA mortgages, the seller-not the buyer-must pay the points. Even if you are not using an FHA or VA mortgage, you may want to negotiate points in the purchase offer. Some lenders will let you finance points, adding this cost to the mortgage, which will increase your interest costs. If you pay the points up front, they are deductible from your income taxes in the year they are paid. Different deductibility rules apply to second homes.
  
• Application Fees: Application fees are non-refundable and 100% pure profit for the mortgage broker. Walk out if they ask for an application fee up front. The only exception to this rule is if you have tough credit. In this case, the loan officer will have to do a lot of work before he can tell if your loan will go through. Time is money and he will want to be paid for this effort. If your loan gets denied without an application fee up front, the loan officer has put in a lot of hours for nothing.
  
• Points "On the Back": These are fees and commissions earned by the mortgage broker by selling you a loan whose interest rate is above the going rate. More about this later in this chapter.

The "normal fees" in the industry are an origination fee (1 "point") plus one additional point. Some brokers have a limit on how much a loan officer can charge in fees-the loan application fee, the origination fee, and the points, but not all. However, there is no absolute hard and fast rules.

...contd.